LANGUAGE

JOURNAL OF THE LINGUISTIC

SOCIETY OF AMERICA

 

 

VOLUME 76, NUMBER 4

DECEMBER 2000

 

 

Articles:

Feature indeterminacy and feature Resolution                Mary Dalrymple &            759

                                                                                         Ronald M. Kaplan

A theory of agreement and its application                       Stephen Wechsler & 799

         to Serbo-Croatian                                                    Larisa Zlatić

Externally and internally caused change                           Gail McKoon &                833

         of state verbs                                                           Talke MacFarland

Gradients in auxiliary selection with                                Antonella Sorace               859

         intransitive verbs

The referential status of clefts                                         Nancy Hedberg                                  891

 

 

Reviews:

Fishman (ed.): Handbook of language                                 R. R. Butters                                         921

         and ethnic identity                                                                       

Harvey & Reid (eds.): Nominal                                                 G. G. Corbett                                      923

         classification in Aboriginal Australia                           

 

 

Book Notices                                                                                                                                                                    926

Publications Received                                                                                                                                              963

Index to Volume 76                                                                                                                                                   965

 

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Abstracts:

 

Feature indeterminacy and feature resolution

 

Mary Dalrymple

         Xerox Palo Alto Research Center

Ronald M. Kaplan

         Xerox Palo Alto Research Center

 

Syntactic features like case, person, and gender are often assumed to have simple atomic values that are checked for consistency by the standard predicate of equality.  The case feature has values such as nom or acc, and values like masc and fem are assumed for the feature gender.  But such a view does not square with some of the complex behavior these features exhibit.  It allows no obvious account of feature indeterminacy (how a particular form can satisfy conflicting requirements on a feature like case), nor does it give an obvious account of feature resolution (how person and gender features of a coordinate noun phrase are determined on the basis of the conjuncts).  We present a theory of feature representation and feature checking that solves these two problems, providing a straightforward characterization of feature indeterminacy and feature resolution while sticking to structures and standard interpretations that have independent motivation.  Our theory of features is formulated within the LFG framework, but we believe that similar solutions can be developed within other syntactic approaches.

 

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A theory of agreement and its application to Serbo-Croatian

 

Stephen Wechsler

         University of Texas at Austin

Larisa Zlatić

         University of Texas at Austin

 

         Four lexical features of a noun are relevant to agreement: (i) semantic conditions on reference, (ii) person, number, and gender features of the referential index, (iii) concord features, and (iv) declension class.  These four features are correlated by a chain of binary constraints. When individual constraints are violated, the chain is broken, resulting in intricate patterns of mixed agreement.  Three main types of mixed agreement are predicted, all of them attested in Serbo-Croatian.  This theory helps to explain Corbett’s (1983) crosslinguistic agreement hierarchy.

 

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Externally and internally caused change of state verbs

 

Gail McKoon

         Northwestern University

Talke MacFarland

         Northwestern University

 

         The lexical semantic structures of change-of-state verbs are explored via linguistic theory, corpus analysis, and psycholinguistic experimentation.  The data support the idea that these verbs can be divided into two classes, those for which the change of state is internally caused and those for which it is externally caused (Levin & Rappaport Hovav 1995, cf. Smith 1970).  External causation change-of-state verbs have been hypothesized to denote two subevents, internal causation change-of-state verbs only one event.  Consistent with this difference, the psycholinguistic data indicate that, in both transitive and intransitive constructions, sentences with external causation verbs take longer to comprehend than sentences with internal causation verbs.

 

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Gradients in auxiliary selection with intransitive verbs

 

Antonella Sorace

         University of Edinburgh

 

         The primary purpose of this study is to present evidence, based on experimental data from Western European languages, that there is orderly variation in the choice of perfective auxiliary with intransitive verbs.  Specifically, auxiliary selection is sensitive to a hierarchy of aspectual/thematic verb types: some verbs require a given auxiliary categorically, whereas others allow both auxiliaries to a greater or lesser extent depending on their position on the hierarchy. It is argued that this gradience has potentially important implications for the unaccusative hypothesis, and more generally for theories of the lexicon-syntax interface.

 

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The referential status of clefts

 

Nancy Hedberg

         Simon Fraser University

 

                  This article has two main parts. In the first, the subject pronoun in a cleft sentence together with the cleft clause is shown to function pragmatically as a discontinuous definite description.  Applying the givenness hierarchy (Gundel et al. 1993) makes it possible to explain the distribution of this-clefts and that-clefts in discourse, and predicts the more frequent occurrence of it-clefts.  Clefts also semantically share existential and exhaustiveness conditions with definite descriptions. The second part presents a new syntactic analysis of clefts, which treats the cleft clause as an extraposed complement of the cleft subject pronoun, adjoined to the clefted constituent.

 

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BOOK NOTICES IN THIS ISSUE

 

Tonkin: Esperanto, interlinguistics, and planned language        Z. Salzmann                                                                                                                             926

Klein: Adverbs of degree in Dutch and related languages           S. A. Schwenter                                                                                                                            926

Shankara Bhat: The prominence of tense, aspect, and mood    G. H. Toops                                                                                                                                      927

Handbook of the International Phonetic Association:                     E. J. Vajda                                                                                                                                      928

         A guide to the use of the International Phonetic

         Alphabet

Cox: The language of the Ogam inscriptions of Scotland:         E. J. Vajda                                                                                                                                      929

         Contributions to the study of Ogam, Runic, and

         Roman alphabet inscriptions in Scotland

Sumru Özsoy (ed.): Proceedings of the Conference on                 E. J. Vajda                                                                                                                                      929

         Northwest Caucasian Linguistics

Merrifield & Salea: North Sulawesi language survey                     E. J. Vajda                                                                                                                                      930

Legère (ed.): Cross-border languages: Reports and                          E. J. Vajda                                                                                                                                      931

         studies regional workshop on cross-border languages

Tabouret-Keller et al. (eds.): Vernacular literacy:                             E. G. Winkler                                                                                                                                  931

         A re-evaluation

Niemeier et al. (eds.): The cultural context in business                E. Dovbysh                                                                                                                                932

         communication

Görlach (comp.): An annotated bibliography of                                 E. Faingold                                                                                                                               932

         19th-century grammars of English

Callow: Man and message: A guide to meaning-based                 R. Fidalgo                                                                                                                                  933

         text analysis

Baugh: Out of the mouth of slaves: African American                 T. C. Frazer                                                                                                                                    934

         language and educational malpractice

Weigand (ed.): Contrastive lexical semantics                                        A. Głaz                              934

Radford et al.: Linguistics: An introduction                                            A. Głaz                              935

Wolfram et al.: Dialects in schools and communities                     M. J. Hurst                                                                                                                                       935

Janse (ed.): Productivity and creativity: Studies in general        A. S. Kaye                                                                                                                                        936

         and descriptive linguistics in honor of E. M. Uhlenbeck

Peperkamp: Prosodic words                                                                                 A. R. Luís                                                                                                                                          937

Pennington (ed.): Language in Hong Kong at century’s end     A. J. Moody                                                                                                                                    938

Collins & Lee (eds.): The clause in English: In honour                D. Noël                              939

         of Rodney Huddleston

Noonan: Chantyal dictionary and texts                                                       G. Thurgood                                                                                                                             940

Wannemacher: Aspects of Zaiwa prosody: An                                    G. Thurgood                                                                                                                             940

         autosegmental account

Liebert et al. (eds.): Discourse and perspective in                             J.-C. Verstraete                                                                                                                            941

         cognitive linguistics

Authier et al. (eds.): Formal perspectives in Romance                  L. Alonso-Ovalle                                                                                                                  941

         linguistics: Selected papers from the 28th Linguistics

         Symposium on Romance Languages

Ross et al. (eds.): The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic: The                    C. Bowern                                                                                                                                  942

         culture and environment of ancestral Oceanic society.

         Vol. 1: Material culture

Treviño & Lema (eds.): Semantic issues in Romance syntax   T. J. Curnow                                                                                                                                 943

Hannahs & Young-Scholten (eds.): Focus on phonological      M. Picard                                                                                                                                    944

         acquisition

Henne & Kilian (eds.): Hermann Paul: Sprachtheorie,                  M. Pierce                                                                                                                                     945

         Sprachgeschichte, Philologie: Reden, Abhandlungen

         und Biographie

van der Hulst (ed.): Word prosodic systems in the                           M. Pierce                                                                                                                                     945

         languages of Europe

Wolfart & Ahenakew: The student’s dictionary of literary        D. Pruett                                                                                                                                      946

         Plains Cree: Based on contemporary texts

Ji et al.: Fragments of the Tocharian A Maitreyasamiti-               G. Rubio                           947

         Nātaka of the Xinjiang museum, China

Dickins & Watson: Standard Arabic: An advanced course         G. Rubio                           948

Berman: Speaking through the silence: Narratives, social          Z. Salzmann                                                                                                                             948

         conventions, and power in Java

Trask: Key concepts in language and linguistics                                 Z. Salzmann                                                                                                                             949

Auer (ed.): Code-switching in conversation: Language,              Z. Salzmann                                                                                                                             949

         interaction and identity

Cenoz & Genesee (eds.): Beyond bilingualism:                                  Z. Salzmann                                                                                                                             950

         Multilingualism and multilingual education

Tanaka: Advertising language: A pragmatic approach to            N. Watanabe                                                                                                                            950

         advertisements in Britain and Japan

Benson: Standard English–Serbo-Croatian and                                   P. E. Webber                                                                                                                                  951

         Serbo-Croatian–English dictionary: A dictionary

         of Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian standards

Zimmermann (ed.): La descripción de las lenguas                            A. Y. Aikhenvald                                                                                                                          951

         Amerindias en la época colonial

Dauses: Englisch und Französisch: Zwei                                                  D. Boutkan                                                                                                                                 952

         indogermanische Sprachen im Vergleich

Jucker & Ziv (eds.): Discourse markers: Description                     A. Gianto                                                                                                                                    953

         and theory; Rouchota & Jucker (eds.): Current

         issues in relevance theory

Goldfajn: Word order and time in Biblical                                              T. L. Holm                                                                                                                                       954

         Hebrew narrative

Takács: Development of Afro-Asiatic (Semito-Hamitic)             A. S. Kaye                                                                                                                                        954

         comparative-historical linguistics in Russia and the

         former Soviet Union

Suleiman (ed.): Arabic grammar and linguistics                                 A. S. Kaye                                                                                                                                        955

Abu-Manga: Hausa in the Sudan: Process of                                        A. S. Kaye                                                                                                                                        957

         adaptation to Arabic

Kibrik et al. (eds.): Fundamental trends of modern                          A. Pereltsvaig                                                                                                                         958

         American linguistics. (in Russian)

Loos (ed.): Logical relations in discourse                                                 K. R. Person                                                                                                                                    958

Smiley (ed.): Philosophical logic: Proceedings of the                    A. Pietarinen                                                                                                                           959

         British Academy. Vol. 95

Braine (ed.): Non-native educators in English                                      I. Piller                              960

         language teaching

Hermerén: English for sale: A study of the language                     I. Piller                              960

         of advertising

Abramson (ed.): Southeast Asian linguistics studies                       D. T. Y. Yang                                                                                                                                        961

         in honor of Vichin Panupong